\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-3y\right|\ge0\\\left|y+4\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y=0\\y+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3y=-12\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,Sửa:\left|x-y-5\right|+\left(y+3\right)^2=0\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-y-5\right|\ge0\\\left(y+3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-5=0\\y+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+5=2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+y-1\right|\ge0\\\left(y-2\right)^4\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-y=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x+3y-1\right|\ge0\\3\left|y+2\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3y-1=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1-3y=7\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(e,Sửa:\left|2021-x\right|+\left|2y-2022\right|=0\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|2021-x\right|\ge0\\\left|2y-2022\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2021-x=0\\2y-2022=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2021\\y=1011\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 2: 

Ta có: (x-3)(x+4)>0

=>x>3 hoặc x<-4

Bài 3:

a: \(5S=5-5^2+...+5^{99}-5^{100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6S=1-5^{100}\)

hay \(S=\dfrac{1-5^{100}}{6}\)

Bài 2: 

a: =>x=0 hoặc x=-3

b: =>x-2=0 hoặc 5-x=0

=>x=2 hoặc x=5

c: =>x-1=0

hay x=1

4:

(x+1)(y-2)=5

=>\(\left(x+1;y-2\right)\in\left\{\left(1;5\right);\left(5;1\right);\left(-1;-5\right);\left(-5;-1\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;7\right);\left(4;3\right);\left(-2;-3\right);\left(-6;1\right)\right\}\)

a) Ta có: \(2x=3y\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{2}\)

               \(3y=5z\Rightarrow\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{10}=\frac{z}{6}=\frac{x-2y+3z}{15-2.10+3.6}=\frac{65}{13}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5.15=75\)

      \(y=5.10=50\)

      \(z=5.6=30\)

b) Ta có: \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{3};\frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{35}=\frac{y}{21}=\frac{z}{12}=\frac{x+y-z}{35+21-12}=\frac{132}{44}=3\)

\(\Rightarrow x=3.35=105\)

      \(y=3.21=63\)

      \(z=3.12=36\)

c) Gọi \(\frac{x}{4}=\frac{y}{7}=k\)

\(\Rightarrow x=4k;y=7k\)

\(\Rightarrow x.y=4k.7k=28k^2=112\)

\(\Rightarrow k^2=112:28=4\)

\(\Rightarrow k=\pm2\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\pm2.4=\pm8\)

     \(y=\pm2.7=\pm14\)